Background: UV exposure-induced oxidative stress is implicated as a driving mechanism\nfor melanoma. Increased oxidative stress results in DNA damage and epigenetic dysregulation.\nAccordingly, we explored whether a low dose of the antioxidant sulforaphane (SFN) in combination\nwith the epigenetic drug 5-aza-2â??-deoxycytidine (DAC) could slow melanoma cell growth. SFN is\na natural bioactivated product of the cruciferous family, while DAC is a DNA methyltransferase\ninhibitor. Methods: Melanoma cell growth characteristics, gene transcription profiles, and histone\nepigenetic modifications were measured after single and combination treatments with SFN and\nDAC. Results: We detected melanoma cell growth inhibition and specific changes in gene expression\nprofiles upon combinational treatments with SFN and DAC, while no significant alterations in histone\nepigenetic modifications were observed. Dysregulated gene transcription of a key immunoregulator\ncytokine--C-C motif ligand 5 (CCL-5)--was validated. Conclusions: These results indicate a potential\ncombinatorial effect of a dietary antioxidant and an FDA-approved epigenetic drug in controlling\nmelanoma cell growth.
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